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My husband has a Samsung phone and recently had trouble charging it with a cord. Wireless charging worked fine but it would not recognize any cord. I took it to the local BestBuy and the Geek Squad counter was able to clean the port out really well and then showed me that it was accepting cords again. It took about 10 minutes and was no cost to me. I would totally recommend making a pit stop to see if that will help your phone recognize cords reliably. 

Have you tried uaing your original official Samsung charging cable that came with the device?  Have you tried a wireless compatible charger?

Yes, all the cords and adapters used are Samsung.

2deebee wrote:

Yes, all the cords and adapters used are Samsung.

You might have a damaged USB-C port then.  Samaung uses the absolute cheapest and lowest grade solder they can buy.  You should give wireless a try to see if it is the port to rule out a potential software iasue.